Consider that there was no Himalaya between India and China or India and Tibet. Then what will be the average temperature during summer

If the Himalayas did not exist, India’s climate — especially in northern and central India — would be dramatically different. The Himalayas are the single biggest geographical factor that keep India warm in winter and extremely hot in summer.

Below is a clear, science-based breakdown of the impact:

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🌡️ 1. Summer Temperature in India Without the Himalayas

Without the Himalayas:

A) Northern India (Delhi, Punjab, UP, Bihar)

Currently: 40–48°C in peak summer.

Without Himalayas: 25–32°C (much cooler!)

Reason: The Himalayas block cold continental winds from Siberia and Central Asia. If those cold winds entered freely, they would moderate the extreme heat.

So North India would have:

Shorter summer

Much milder heat

Possibly spring-like temperatures even in May–June

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B) Central India (MP, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra)

Currently: 35–44°C

Without Himalayas: 25–30°C

Cold air masses from the north would penetrate deep into the subcontinent, keeping central India cool.

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C) South India (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala)

Temperatures would remain 30–35°C

Himalayas don’t influence the south directly, but overall continental cooling would reduce heat slightly:

Expected: 28–33°C

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🧊 2. How Siberian Winds Would Affect Indian Summer

Siberian winds are:

Cold

Dry

High-pressure winds

With no Himalayas, these winds would enter India like this:

Move through Tibet/China → Enter the Indo-Gangetic plains → Spread to central India.

This would lead to:

✔ Cooler summers

North India would never touch 45°C. The entire region would have temperatures more like Europe or Northern China.

✔ Dry, less humid summer

Humidity would be low, more like Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan).

✔ Delay or weaken Indian monsoon

Because:

Cold, dry winds suppress rising warm air currents.

Monsoon depends on strong heating of the Indian subcontinent.

So:

The monsoon would be weaker, maybe even unpredictable.

Rainfall in India might reduce by 30–60%.

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❄️ 3. More Extreme Seasonal Variation

Without the Himalayas, India would experience continental climate like Russia/China:

Summers: Cooler (20–32°C)

Winters: Much colder (-5°C to 10°C in North India)

North India may receive snowfall in winter, similar to Beijing or Central Asia.

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🌍 Summary Table

Region Current Summer Temp Without Himalayas Reason

North India 40–48°C 25–32°C Siberian cold winds moderate heat Central India 35–44°C 25–30°C Cold continental air reaches deeper South India 30–38°C 28–33°C Slight moderation but still tropical Monsoon Strong Weak/Delayed No strong heating due to cooler land

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🧠 Final Answer (Short Version)

If the Himalayas didn’t exist:

🌡️ Indian summers would be 10–20°C cooler than today. 🌬️ Siberian winds would freely enter India, creating cool, dry summers similar to Central Asia.